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Diamond Cutting

Diamond cutting is the art, skill and, increasingly, science of changing a diamond from a rough stone into a faceted gem. Cutting diamond requires specialized knowledge, tools, equipment, and techniques because of its extreme difficulty. Diamond cutting, as well as overall processing, is concentrated in a few cities around the world: while 80% of rough diamonds are handled in the Antwerp diamond district in Belgium, more than 50% of processed diamonds also pass through there. 92% of diamond pieces are cut in Surat, Gujarat state in India.The first guild of diamond cutters and polishers (diamantaire) was formed in 1375 in Nuremberg, Germany, and led to the development of a variety of types of 'Cut'. This has two meanings in relative to diamonds. The first is the shape: square, oval, and subsequently on. The second relates to the particular quality of cut within the shape, and the quality and price will vary greatly based on the cut quality. Since diamonds are very unbreakable to cut, special diamond-bladed edges are used to cut them. The first main development in diamond cutting came with the "Point Cut" during the later half of the 14th century: the Point Cut follows the normal shape of an octahedral raw diamond crystal, eliminating some waste in the cutting process.

A diamond have to be cut and then polished before it really becomes a thing of beauty. The shape or size of a diamond is fewer important than the quality of the cutting and the skill of the cutter. The diamond cutting process includes these steps; planning, cleaving or sawing, bruting, polishing, and final inspection.

A diamond cut is a style or design guide used when shaping a diamond for polishing such as the brilliant cut. The most popular of diamond cuts is the modern round brilliant, whose facet arrangements and proportions have been perfected by both mathematical and empirical analysis.