Tuesday, February 2, 2010
Naturally, there are two types of diamond deposits: primary and secondary deposits. Primary deposits are those in which the diamonds stay inside the original host rock (usually kimberlite) that expressed them to the surface. Secondary deposits are formed when the diamonds are battered from the host rock and concerted by the deed of water into alluvial deposits (in rivers) or marine deposits (in beaches).
In diamond searching, it is commonly accepted that economic primary diamond deposits are connected with ancient shields or "cratons". These cratons are large in size, coherent expanses of rock that have been physically stable for at least one billion years. Cratonic "keels" underneath these formations can expand to depths within the earth's layer wherever pressure and temperature conditions are favourable to diamond formation and preservation. The formation of these diamondiferous keels is composite which is one reason why kimberlites devoid of diamonds can occur in close proximity to luxuriantly diamondiferous ones.
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